Investigation of heat transfer performance within annular geometries with swirl-inducing fins using clove-treated graphene nanoplatelet colloidal suspension

Abstract The paper investigated the benefits of having fins that induce swirling flow within an annular passage. importance vortical structures produced using different fin angles and velocities in heat transfer was studied. combination fluid with recirculation on domain not fully understood, this aims to address gap. 10°, 20°, 30° 40° angled were understand changes performance as becomes more dominant become steeper. usage CGNP colloidal suspension for its potential a fins. concentrations 0.025, 0.075 0.1 mass % used part investigation. Higher increased overall coefficient. A compact spacing improved at expense pressure drop. Fin 20° yielded poor transitional regime (2000 < Re 3000) due smaller longitudinal vortices being insufficient promoting mixing from thermal boundary layer into freestream.